Multicenturies summer temperature reconstruction for Southern Carpathians

Abstract

The first 600 years long tree-ring width chronology for Southern Carpathians was established based on living and subfossil Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) samples from an upper timberline forest located in Retezat Mts. (Romania). Study area is located in Retezat Mts. where we can find the most expanded population of stone pine from Southern Carpathians. The timberline is represented by a mixed stands of Norway spruce and stone pine which is replace by mountain pine toward higher altitude. We have compiled the longest tree rings chronology from Carpathians using samples from dead and living trees of stone pine (Pinus cembra).